[9], In 1905, out of 1,000 residents 455 were working in the industrial sector, mining or construction, 289 were working in agriculture and forestry, 121 in commerce, 57.3 were employed in the civil service and 70 were working in miscellaneous other professions.[9]. This family acquired the inheritance of the Guelph family by marriage — around the year 1000 — of Azzo II with Kunigunde of Altdorf, daughter of Welf II. While the number of voters was limited by a system of census suffrage to about 40% of Brunswick's male population, the parliament of Brunswick was granted more rights than in most other German states at the time and the duke's budget and powers were significantly limited.[3]. Over time, the arms of smaller territories that had been acquired by the Dukes of Brunswick were added to the coat of arms. 1815 (0.39%) people were of Jewish faith. The need for a Regent ended in 1913. The two lions of Henry V then went on to become the symbol of the House of Guelph. The Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg was formed out of the possessions of senior branch of the House of Brunswick. brunswick_harmerQBD1849. It also swelled the ranks of the French army, which halted Charles’s advance at Valmy, 100 miles (160 km) east of Paris. Genealogy for Ferdinand Albert II of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (Guelph), Duke (1680 - 1735) family tree on Geni, with over 200 million profiles of ancestors and living … The Latin inscriptions read IMMOTA FIDES ("unswerving faithfulness") and NEC ASPERA TERRENT ("they are not afraid of difficulties"). In truth, the use of the horse as a symbol for Saxony only goes back to the 14th century, when the House of Guelph, after the ducal title of Saxony had fallen to the House of Ascania, adopted the fictional "ancient" symbol to represent themselves as the true descendants of the old Saxon dukes. This provoked the Parisians to storm the Tuileries and humiliate the royal family. Brunswick, Duke of, The Lady Colville's Suit Against. Genealogy for Ludwig, Duke Of Brunswick (c.1336 - 1367) family tree on Geni, with over 200 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. You know its going to be a good day when 5 absolutely gorgeous huskies pay us a visit! Lengthy negotiations ensued, but were never resolved. The Duke of Brunswick. Until Valmy and Jena, Karl was considered a master of the warfare of the period. Its capital was the city of Brunswick (Braunschweig). Charles II, Duke of Brunswick (German Karl; 30 October 1804, Brunswick – 18 August 1873, Geneva ), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, ruled the Duchy of Brunswick from 1815 until 1830. In Louis XVI: Attempt to flee the country …by the Austrian commander, the duke of Brunswick, threatening the destruction of Paris if the safety of the royal family were again endangered, led to the capture of the Tuileries by the people of Paris and provincial militia on August 10, 1792. His titles are usually shortened to Duke of Brunswick in English-language sources. The Duke of Brunswick is the maternal grandfather of Queen Sophie of Spain and the former King Constantine II of Greece. [14] Eintracht Braunschweig, founded in 1895, quickly became one of the leading football clubs in Northern Germany. 06. Ernest became Prince of Göttingen 1344–1367. Charles himself was mortally wounded and died shortly afterward. He was a grandson of Georg V of Hanover, whom the Prussians deposed in 1866, and Christian IX of Denmark. The duke was also the century's most acquisitive collector of rare coloured diamonds, including the Brunswick Blue and the Agra Pink, which he kept in … As a result, Prussia was unwilling to let George V of Hanover or his son, Ernest Augustus, succeed to Brunswick. The Duke of Brunswick (1735-1806) was the commander of the powerful Prussian army. Corrections? This is a digitized version of an article from The Times’s print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996. Karl was the chief organizer of the conference, and second in command to Grand Master (Magnus Superior Ordinis; ‘Eques a Victoria’) Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel (1721-92) – Illuminatus, February 1783. Prince Ernst August was the sixth and youngest child of Crown Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover and his wife, Princess Thyra of Denmark. [18] Due to the legend associated with it, the white horse became a very popular symbol among the population of Brunswick, even more so than the lions.[19]. 0:10. by Scott Mehl. 2017 PB Lawrence Stakes Field & Betting Update . His titles are usually shortened to Duke of Brunswick in English-language sources. The Duke of Cumberland then proclaimed himself Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick. Displayed on the shield are, from left to right, the blue lion of Lüneburg, the two lions of Brunswick, and the arms of the Counts of Eberstein, Homburg, Diepholz (upper half), Lauterberg, Hoya and Bruchhausen, Diepholz (lower half), Honstein, Regenstein, Klettenberg and Blankenburg. The Duke of Brunswick is the maternal grandfather of Queen Sophie of Spain and the former King Constantine II of Greece. Facebook; Instagram; HOURS Currently closed due to covid restrictions 7 DAYS 7am-3am Public holidays please contact us directly for times. Other articles where Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick is discussed: Louis XVI: Attempt to flee the country: …by the Austrian commander, the duke of Brunswick, threatening the destruction of Paris if the safety of the royal family were again endangered, led to the capture of the Tuileries by the people of Paris and provincial militia on August 10, 1792. From 1705 onward, all other portions of Brunswick-Lüneburg except Wolfenbüttel had been held by the Prince of Calenberg and Celle, i.e. Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (German: Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand; 9 October 1735 – 10 November 1806) was the Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and a military leader. The flag of the Duchy of Brunswick was blue over yellow,[21] and demonstrates a remarkable similarity with the Ukrainian national colours. Twelve horses will line up in the Group 2 PB Lawrence Stakes field at... Ability Heads All Victorian Sprint Series Final 2017 Betting . 100% Gluten Free Call 8410 7079 207 Gilbert Street Adelaide, SA 5000 After the revolution of 1830, liberal reforms were made and a new constitution was adopted on 12 October 1832. For further information on the governments of Brunswick from 1918 on, see Free State of Brunswick. The Duchy of Brunswick was subdivided into six districts (Kreise) in 1833. The Congress turned it into an independent country under the name Duchy of Brunswick. Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1771–1815) was a general in the British Army. By a law of 1879, the Duchy of Brunswick established a temporary council of regency to take over at the Duke's death. Duchy of Brunswick: The Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel was a subdivision of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg.After the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, the Congress of Vienna turned Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel into an independent country called the Duchy of Brunswick in 1815. (Boston: Ginn, 1906), 2: 443-445 Hanover Historical Texts Project Scanned by Brooke Harris, October 1996. The Duke of Brunswick. It also led to the temporary suspension of… The duke was also the century's most acquisitive collector of rare coloured diamonds, including the Brunswick Blue and the Agra Pink, which he kept in … In 1910, the Duchy of Brunswick had a population of 494,339 people. He was born in Brunswick in 1804 and was the eldest son of Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Princess Marie of Baden, whose brother, the Hereditary Prince of Baden, was an … After the war between France and Germany broke out, he moved to Geneva, where he died in 1873. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... …October the Prussian-Saxon army, under Charles William Ferdinand, duke of Brunswick, moved slowly westward through Saxony in an attempt to threaten Napoleon’s communications to the west. Following his death, his three sons jointly ruled the Duchy. The Duchy of Brunswick consisted of several non-connected parts - three larger and seven smaller ones. His administration was considered corrupt and misguided. Charles William Ferdinand of Brunswick, German Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, (born Oct. 9, 1735, Wolfenbüttel, Lower Saxony [Germany]—died Nov. 10, 1806, Ottensen, near Hamburg), duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel, Prussian field marshal, and an enlightened ruler. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership. The Duchy's highest peak was the Wurmberg at 971 metres (3,186 ft). with some funny accents explaining what was fetish of Duke of Brunswick or how people still argue the name of the opera, when the game was played. White: Paul Morphy Black: Duke of Brunswick and Count Isouard Opening: Philidor Defence Paris 1858 1. e4 e5 2. The limitation period for libel was six years. His cultural tastes being decidedly French, Charles was not unsympathetic to the Revolution and had in fact been approached by France to reorganize that country’s army. The Duchy of Brunswick was almost entirely surrounded by the Prussian Provinces of Hanover and Saxony, in the south-east it also bordered the Duchy of Anhalt and in the west the Principality of Waldeck-Pyrmont and the Prussian Province of Westphalia. He […] Magnus (1324–1373), called Magnus with the Necklace (Latin language: Magnus Torquatus) or Magnus II, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, ruling the Brunswick-Lüneburg principalities of Wolfenbüttel (colloquially also called Brunswick) and, temporarily, Lüneburg. The Duke of Brunswick is the place you come to be "Seriously Social" and let the rest of the world disappear for a few hours … Special Diets Vegetarian Friendly, … However, the Hanoverians still refused to accept the Prussian annexation of their kingdom. The major rivers that ran through Brunswick were the Weser, Aller, Leine, Oker, Bode and Innerste. View Detail. Napoleon advanced northward rapidly through the eastern end of the Thuringian Forest to cut the Prussians off from the Elbe River and engage them…. We know all too well how hard it can be to find a place to eat that will take your allergies seriously – particularly hard for all of our Coeliac family out in the world. While William joined the Prussian-led North German Confederation in 1866, his relationship to Prussia was strained, since Prussia refused to recognize Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover, his nearest male-line relative, as his heir. In the 10th century, the lands that comprised the duchy of Brunswick (Braunschweig) belonged to the family of the Brunos (of the counts of Nordheim and Süpplinburg), from which the name "Brunswick" is derived. It joined first the North German Confederation and in 1871 the German Empire. Proofread and pages added by Jonathan Perry, March 2001. Frederick William of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel was born in Braunschweig as the fourth son of Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and Princess Augusta of Great Britain. Well, except for the kitchen. Berlin would only agree to the Hanoverians becoming dukes of Brunswick under severe conditions, including swearing allegiance to the German constitution and renouncing all claim to Hanover. [1], In the aftermath of the July Revolution in 1830, Charles finally had to abdicate. 26,504 (5.5%) people were Catholic, 4720 (0.97%) adhered to Reformed churches. The Duchy's smaller exclaves were Thedinghausen near Bremen, Harzburg, Calvörde, Bodenburg and Östrum, Ostharingen near Goslar, Ölsburg near Peine and a small woodland near the Fallstein. Ernest Augustus (Ernest Augustus Christian George; German: Ernst August Christian Georg; 17 November 1887 – 30 January 1953) was the reigning Duke of Brunswick from 2 November 1913 to 8 November 1918. [8], In 1905, 450,760 people or 92.5% of the population adhered to the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Brunswick. The son of Charles I of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Philippina Charlotte, a sister of Frederick II of Prussia, Charles was educated in the classical, rationalist tradition. Duke Energy would immediately notify federal, state and local authorities of a problem at the plant. Media in category "Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel" The following 9 files are in this category, out of 9 total. Later accounts by medieval writers that the two golden lions of Brunswick were granted to Henry by the English king, his father-in-law, are deemed fictional by modern historians. GRAHAM'S BALLOON ASCENT WITH THE DUKE OF BRUNSWICK, 22ND AUGUST 1836. Seventeen years after its publication an agent of the Duke purchased a back number containing the article from the Weekly Dispatch’s office. Author of the butcher/artist remark is also very interesting as it has often been quoted sourcelessly with reference to 8 Bxf7+, and not also 8 Qxb7. Ernst August III, the last Duke of Brunswick was forced to abdicate on November … Career The Duke and Duchess of Brunswick had five children: The Duke of Brunswick is the maternal grandfather of Queen Sophia of Spain and the former King Constantine II of Greece. brunswick_harmerQBD1849. Charles made several desperate attempts, unsuccessfully, to depose him. Marion Brunch. Here at the DoB we pride ourselves on creating a food experience that doesn’t discriminate. The Duke and Duchess of Brunswick had five children [By Royal Warrant of 17 June 1914, George V granted the eldest son and any children thereafter born to Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover, then reigning Duke of Brunswick, the title of Prince (or Princess) of … He died at Marienburg Castle near Hanover in 1953. Only reluctantly did he sign the punitive “manifesto” drafted by an émigré, which warned that Paris would be subjected to exemplary punishment if Louis XVI and his family were harmed (see French Revolution). Pub Night. Genealogy profile for Ludwig, Duke Of Brunswick. Updates? Some other railways of secondary importance were operated by the Brunswick State Railway Company, founded in 1884. The white steed was said to be the emblem of the eighth century Saxon duke Widukind, who according to legend rode a black horse before his baptism and a white horse afterwards. Ernst August, Duke of Brunswick. His father had died of wounds after the Battle of Auerstädt in 1806, and his own death at the head of the ‘Black Brunswickers’ (the Herzoglich Braunschweigisches Korps ) at Quatre Bras was recorded in Byron’s poem Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage : Again important possessions were gained in (Lower) Saxony by the marriage of Henry the Black to Wulfhilde of Saxony (d 1126), daughter of the last member of the House of Billung, who had been Dukes of Saxony for five generations. The underage Duke Charles, the eldest son of Duke Frederick William (who had been killed in action), was put under the guardianship of George IV, the Prince Regent of the United Kingdom and Hanover. Distinguishing himself in the Seven Years’ War, which involved the struggle for supremacy in Germany between Austria and Prussia, he became Frederick the Great’s favourite. [15] It were Henry's sons from his marriage with Matilda of England, the future Holy Roman Emperor Otto IV and Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine, who adapted the Royal Arms of England to display their royal lineage. Ernst August of Brunswick is the current ruler of the Lower Saxon Duchy of Brunswick, one of the constituent states of the German Empire. He was the cousin and brother-in-law (from 8 April 1795) of his friend George IV, Prince Regent of the United Kingdom(from 1811). May 24, 2020. First, the young duke had a dispute over the date of his majority. The western part with the town of Holzminden extended from the river Weser in the east to the Harz Foreland in the west. With William's death in 1884, the Wolfenbüttel line came to an end. Born in Wolfenbüttel, Germany, Karl Wilhelm was duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1780 until his death and ruled over the Wolfenbüttel subdivision of the duchy. The fourth son of Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Ferdinand joined the Prussian army as a colonel in 1740. Image shows the balloon aloft over the sea. Frederick William's son Charles (a minor at the time of his father's death) became the first Duke of independent Brunswick. Recalled to the Prussian high command in 1806, he was decisively defeated at the Battle of Auerstädt, which sealed the triumph of Napoleonic France over Prussia. ): This page was last edited on 18 December 2020, at 23:03. After the murder of their brother Frederick I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, brothers Bernard and Henry redivided the land, Henry receiving the territory of Wolfenbüttel. The unifying element of all these territories was that they were ruled by male-line descendants of Duke Otto I (ruled 1235-1252). He had great success in the Seven Years War (1756–63) and was commander in chief (1792–94) of the Austro-Prussian armies in the French Revolutionary Wars French Revolutionary Wars, wars occurring in the era of the French Revolution and the beginning of the Napoleonic era, the decade of 1792–1802. Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (German: Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand; 9 October 1735 – 10 November 1806) was the Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and a military leader. He died at Marienburg Castle near Hanover on 30 January 1953, aged 65. Nf3 d6 Philidor’s Defence, named after the Frenchman, François-André Danican Philidor, an accomplished opera composer and chess master. Friday. Accordingly, he was allowed to ascend the throne of the Duchy in November 1913. 1506 people (0.40%) were foreign nationals, among those 785 came from Austria-Hungary, 133 from the United Kingdom, 112 from the United States, 91 from Italy, 83 from the Russian Empire, and 81 from Switzerland. Wolfenbüttel was eventually awarded[by whom?] He reorganized the tax structure, set his finances in order, and reformed the educational system. The territory of Wolfenbüttel was recognized as a sovereign state by the Congress of Vienna in 1815. He ruled the Lüneburg-Celle subdivision of the duchy from 1520 until his death. It had been a portion of the medieval Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg. The southern part with the town of Blankenburg was located in the Harz mountains. Made a Prussian field marshal in 1787, Charles defeated the Dutch democratic Patriots in a campaign that returned the stadtholder William V of Orange to power. Ernest Augustus died at Marienburg Castle in 1953. Robinson's Note: However, Henry used only a single lion as his symbol. Duke of Grubenhagen Ernst von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen, Herzog in Osterode: Also Known As: "Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen", "The Elder" Birthdate: circa 1297: Birthplace: Germany: Death: March 11, 1361 (59-68) Alexanderstifte,Einbeck,Niedersachsen,Germany Immediate Family: In 1269 the house of Brunswick-Lüneburg divided into the branches of Lüneburg and Brunswick (later Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, the later Duchy of Brunswick). The Duchy of Brunswick Football Association (German: Fußballbund für das Herzogtum Braunschweig) was founded in May 1904. THE GAME: White: Paul Morphy Black: Duke of Brunswick and Count Isouard Opening: Philidor Defence Paris 1858 1. e4 e5 2. While the Kingdom of Hanover was annexed by Prussia in 1866, the Duchy of Brunswick remained sovereign and independent. The next year he defeated the French several times in Germany, but he retired after incessant quarrels with King Frederick William III. The northern part was located on the border between the North German Plain and the Central Uplands of Germany. In 1432 the Principality of Calenberg, the later Electorate of Hanover, split from Brunswick(-Wolfenbüttel), and in 1705 acquired the territory of Lüneburg. Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (German language: Friedrich Wilhelm; 9 October 1771 16 June 1815) was a German prince and Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Oels. In the course of the 19th-century history of Germany, the duchy was part of the German Confederation, the North German Confederation and from 1871 the German Empire. Two regents were appointed: first, Prince Albert of Prussia until his death in 1906, and then Duke John Albert of Mecklenburg.[4]. with some funny accents explaining what was fetish of Duke of Brunswick or how people still argue the name of the opera, when the game was played. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Otto was born around 1204 as the only son of William of Winchester and his wife Helena, a daughter of King Valdemar I of Denmark. Charles II, Duke of Brunswick was born October 30, 1804 in Brunswick. The western part of the Duchy lay in the Weser Uplands, the central and southern parts in the northern Harz Foreland and the Harz mountains. In 1805, after his uncle, Frederick Augustus, Duke of Oels, had died childless, Fred… Oil painting on wood panel of Mrs. Graham's balloon ascent with the Duke of Brunswick on August 22, 1836. February. The Wolfenbüttel principality had for the period from 1807 to 1813 been held as part of the Kingdom of Westphalia. Duke of Brunswick Hotel | 207 Gilbert Street, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia. The first section of its Brunswick–Bad Harzburg railway line connecting Braunschweig and Wolfenbüttel opened on 1 December 1838, as the first railway line in Northern Germany. The Duke of Brunswick is also the maternal grandfather of Queen Sophia of Spain and the former King Constantine II of Greece. It was disestablished after the end of World War I, its territory incorporated into the Weimar Republic as the Free State of Brunswick. He was a grandson of George V of Hanover, whom the Prussians had deposed from the Hanoverian throne in 1866, and Christian IX of Denmark. Frederick William of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel was born in Braunschweig as the fourth son of Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and Princess Augusta of Great Britain. In the 1870s, it became obvious that the then senior branch of the ruling House of Welf would die with Duke William. The Duchy of Brunswick (German: Herzogtum Braunschweig) was a historical German state. He was the fourth son of German prince and Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand and his wife Princess Augusta of Great Britain. Brunswick was ruled by foreign regents from 1884 to 1913, when the marriage between Ernst August, grandson of the last King of Hanover, and Viktoria Luise of Prussia, son of Wilhelm II, led to rapproachment between House … Duke Of Brunswick is a gelding born in 2011 August 30 by Magnus out of Tristabeel The current race record for Duke Of Brunswick is 7 wins from 38 starts with prizemoney of $537,155.00. Apparently there is silly string available - Alex thought you should know. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. At The Duke Of Brunswick Hotel We Pride Ourselves On Being Seriously Social & Provide A Great Venue For Social Or Business Functions. Augustus's sons succeeded him, sometimes ruling together: Anthony Ulrich's sons succeeded him in sequence: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck, Gerhard Schildt (eds. Charles fled the country.[2]. According to the 1885 census, 84.90% (316,208 people) of the Duchy's inhabitants held citizenship of Brunswick, while 54,738 people (14.70%) were citizens of other German states. Saturday. Nf3 d6 Philidor’s Defence, named after the Frenchman, François-André Danican Philidor, an accomplished opera composer and chess master. Mairiage. Prince Frederick William of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel was born in Braunschweig as the fourth son of Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and Princess Augusta of Great Britain. He joined the Prussian army in 1789 as a captain and participated in battles against Revolutionary France. Verve Bar and Kitchen. [11], Brunswick also played a pioneering role in the history of association football in Germany: Konrad Koch, a school teacher from Braunschweig, was the first to write down a German version of the rules of football, and, together with August Hermann, also arguably organized the first football match in Germany between pupils from his school Martino-Katharineum in 1874.[12][13]. The Saxon steed was dropped from the coat of arms during the reign of William VIII. Author of the butcher/artist remark is also very interesting as it has often been quoted sourcelessly with reference to 8 Bxf7+, and not also 8 Qxb7. Enjoy the material ;) Mar-05-20 : Sally Simpson: *** Duke of Brunswick Hotel menu in image format shown on this website has been digitised by Zomato.com. In the context of the French Revolution, he is best known for his menacing warning to the people of Paris. Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand was the son of Karl, duke of Brunswick. by Scott Mehl. The districts were further subdivided into cities or towns (Städte) and more rural townships (Ämter). Though he was Frederick II the Great’s nephew and favourite disciple, Charles proved to be less than successful in his … Tag: Duke Of Brunswick. 13. Duke of Brunswick Hotel. Brunonia, the national personification of Brunswick. He dethroned and chased out in 1830 and thus, took refuge in Paris, but spent his last three years back in Geneva. On 19 September 1830 an article was published in the Weekly Dispatch. THE GAME: White: Paul Morphy Black: Duke of Brunswick and Count Isouard Opening: Philidor Defence Paris 1858 1. e4 e5 2. Cabinet for Erbprinz Carl I von Braunschweig-Wolfenbuttel and Philippine Charlotte, by Georg Mohrwinkel, dated 1734 AD, various woods, metals, ivory, etc - Braunschweigisches Landesmuseum - DSC04607.JPG 3,962 × 3,426; 7.89 MB Duchy of Brunswick: The Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel was a subdivision of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg.After the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, the Congress of Vienna turned Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel into an independent country called the Duchy of Brunswick in 1815. Enjoy the material ;) Mar-05-20 : Sally Simpson: *** Charles William Ferdinand of Brunswick, German Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, (born Oct. 9, 1735, Wolfenbüttel, Lower Saxony [Germany]—died Nov. 10, 1806, Ottensen, near Hamburg), duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel, Prussian field marshal, and an enlightened ruler. The lesser coat of arms of the Duchy of Brunswick showed a crowned shield with the white horse on a red background. After the German Confederation intervened, Charles was forced to accept those laws. In the midst of the German revolutions of 1918, the Duke had to abdicate, and the Free State of Brunswick was founded as a member state of the Weimar Republic. But things did not go his way and after a revolt in September 1830 the Duke fled into exile. Nicknamed "The Black Duke", he was a military officer who led the Black Brunswickers against Napoleonic domination in Germany. The Duchy of Brunswick State Railway was the first state railway in Germany. Nf3 d6 Philidor's Defence, named after the Frenchman, François-André Danican Philidor, an accomplished opera composer and chess master. On 19 September 1830 an article was published in the Weekly Dispatch. His absolutist governing style had alienated the nobility and bourgeoisie, while the lower classes were disaffected by the bad economic situation. [20] The greater coat of arms of the Duchy of Brunswick, as adopted in 1834, shows a shield with a ducal crown on top and surrounded by the insignia of the Order of Henry the Lion. Charles II, Duke of Brunswick (German Karl; 30 October 1804, Brunswick – 18 August 1873, Geneva), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, ruled the Duchy of Brunswick from 1815 until 1830. After the war between France and Germany broke out, he moved to Geneva, where he died in 1873.He left his considerable wealth to the City of Geneva. [22] The state flag introduced in 1912 was blue over yellow, with a crowned shield with the white horse on a red background in the center. Duke of Brunswick, 1792 J.H. William left most government business to his ministers, and spent most of his time outside of his state at his possessions in Oels. Link to Wikipedia biography. In 1847, MTV Braunschweig was founded as the first sports club in Brunswick. A ship is in the foreground, with the coast in the background. Otto I of Brunswick-Lüneburg (about 1204 – 9 June 1252), a member of the House of Welf, was the first duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1235 until his death. That’s why we decided to […] Relationships. The biggest and most populous of those was the area surrounding the cities of Braunschweig, Wolfenbüttel and Helmstedt as well as the Elm, which extended from the river Aller in the north to the Harz mountains in the south. Omissions? Both branches used in their arms the two lions of Brunswick, the blue lion of Lüneburg and the white steed of Saxony. When several sons of a Duke competed for power, the lands often became divided between them; when a branch of the family lost power or became extinct, the land… Seventeen years after its publication an agent of the Duke purchased a back number containing the article from the Weekly Dispatch’s office. The demands for the suspension of Louis XVI, who was generally believed to be in traitorous correspondence with the Austrians and Prussians, became numerous in the summer of 1792; but it remained for the duke of Brunswick to assure the downfall of the monarchy by his proclamation, which became known in Paris, July 28, and seemed to furnish the agitators with a complete justification for … Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, duke of Brunswick (1735-1806), was an experienced military leader who proved to be unable to cope with the armies of both Revolutionary and Napoleonic France, suffering key defeats at Valmy in 1792 and Auerstädt in 1806. His reputation as a field commander established, Charles in 1792 reluctantly accepted command of the Prussian army against Revolutionary France. , Ferdinand joined the Prussian army in 1789 as a result, Prussia was unwilling to let George V Hanover. 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