First, certain earthly church matters now come under Peter’s authority. He foretells his sufferings, and reproves Peter, Matthew 16:21-23. At the end, of course, the triumphant Christ will ensure that the twin evils “death and hell [are] cast into the lake of fire” (Revelation 20:14; see also Acts 2:24; Romans 6:9). These powers include remitting sins (see 1 John 3:5; Doctrine and Covenants 132:46), withholding remission of sins (see John 20:23), establishing doctrine (see Luke 11:52; Doctrine and Covenants 84:19), excommunicating and reinstating to full membership (see Doctrine and Covenants 132:46–48), and overseeing ordinances and keeping them pure (see Doctrine and Covenants 124:33–36; 132:7). On an occasion when Jesus confronts his opponents and, in a strong rebuke of the scribes, we hear him say, “Woe unto you, lawyers! 19 I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be … In intriguing language, the Lord hands the duty to Eliakim with the words, “the key of the house of David will I lay upon his shoulder; so he shall open, and none shall shut; and he shall shut, and none shall open” (Isaiah 22:22). Jesus’ words about keys and their associated authority carry a the broad sense that, from now on, Peter will carry the same powers over followers that Jesus does. In the first appearance of this expression in the New Testament, this key allows celestial entry. 2019 Oct 12: Hebrews: The Sacred Powers of Jesus, the Great High Priest, 26 January 2019 “In the Beginning Were the Words”, A Celestial Commentary on 1 Corinthians by Craig Blomberg, July 29, 2016, Conference: New Mormon Ideas about Mark and Hebrews, “Now Since the Children Share Flesh and Blood, [Christ] also, in Just the Same Way, Shared Their Humanity”: The Low Christology of the Lord as Viewed in Hebrews 1–2, Consider the Lilies: How Luke Treats the Story of His Master by S. Kent Brown, Stately Women of the New Testament by Kaye Terry Hanson, The Modern Day Relevance of Paul’s Letters to the Corinthians by Michael D. Rhodes, Reading between the Lines: Luke’s Omission of Mark 14:3–9, “Jesus Tells It All in the Nazareth Synagogue” by S. Kent Brown, A Message to the Latter-day Saints from the Book of Revelation, Plagues, Pestilences, Pests and Pandemics in These Latter Days, Narrative Atonement Theology in the Gospel of Mark. Matthew 16:18-19 New Revised Standard Version (NRSV). In all honesty, there is no way for us to be 100% sure which view is correct. … Matthew 16:19. In addition, possession of these keys does not mean that the holder is a mere doorkeeper, a person who checks the identity of those entering and leaving. In a broad sense, these mysteries include “obtaining a knowledge of facts in relation to the salvation of the children of men, both as well for the dead as for the living” (Doctrine and Covenants 128:11). Matthew 16:19, ESV: "I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and … TDNT draws the conclusion that this is the meaning of the words as used in Matthew 16:19 and 18:18. And when Jesus beheld him, he said, … Galatians 2:9 And when James, Cephas, and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived …. A man named Eliakim, son of Hilkiah, is called by the Lord through Isaiah his prophet to serve as the royal treasurer. Two further dimensions adhere to Peter’s authority. Somewhere near the Gentile town of Caesarea Philippi, close to the base of Mount Hermon, Jesus speaks words to Peter, his chief apostle, that find no correspondence in ancient scripture: “I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven” (Matthew 16:19). I will give thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven — This expression is metaphorical. for ye have taken away the key of knowledge: ye entered not in yourselves, and them that were entering in ye hindered” (Luke 11:52). When Jesus promises to entrust keys to Peter, part of the promise is that “the gates of hell shall not prevail against it [the church].” (The grammar of this sentence tells us that “it” means “the church” because “the church” is the closest referent and the Greek pronoun translated “it” and the Greek noun “church” are both feminine in gender.) The Joseph Smith Translation buttresses this observation too by calling “the key of knowledge, the fullness of the scriptures” (JST Luke 11:53). Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible. Peter would be like a rabbi who passes on many points. Matthew 10:2 Now the names of the twelve apostles are these; The first, Simon, …. Matthew 16 – Revealing Who Jesus Is and What He Came to Do A. This set of observations leads to gates. The connection is this: The obstinate man is to be excluded from the church, Matthew 18:17.The care of the church - the power of admitting or excluding members - of organizing and establishing it - is committed to you, the apostles, Matthew … What are these keys? Latter-day Saints usually think of keys as the divinely bestowed, authorizing powers that allow a priesthood holder to exercise priesthood authority when performing an ordinance such as a setting apart, or a baptism, or a sealing in a temple. This link is underlined by the passive voice “shall be bound in heaven” and “shall be loosed in heaven” (Matthew 16:19). Matthew 16:13-23. —Based on The Testimony of Luke by S. Kent Brown, an e-volume in the BYU New Testament Commentary Series (see byuntc.com), and on Brown’s article “Peter’s Keys,” in The Ministry of Peter the Chief Apostle, Frank F. Judd Jr., Eric D. Huntsman, and Shon D. Hopkin, eds. Matthew 16:19 Parallel Verses [⇓ See commentary ⇓] Matthew 16:19, NIV: "I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.'" Matthew 16:18(ESV) Verse Thoughts. ◄ Matthew 18:19 ► Again I say to you, That if two of you shall agree on earth as touching any thing that they shall ask, it shall be … Now, many commentaries and scholars make the connection between Isaiah 22 and Matthew 16:19. 18 And I tell you, you are Peter, and on this rock[ a] I will build my church, and the gates of hell[ b] shall not prevail against it. and have the keys of hell and death” (Revelation 1:18). This contest persists into the afterlife because there he deals with those who have fallen under the sway of Satan’s powers. This language reappears in the book of Revelation. Meeting resistance from those who hold the keys, who are death and hell (see Revelation 6:8; 20:13–14; 2 Nephi 9:12), he takes control of the keys from them and opens the closed gates. thou. Heinrich Meyer's Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament. Warnings against the Sadducees and the Pharisees. Peter's confession, and our Lord's discourse on it, Matthew 16:15-20. The different opinions formed by the people of Christ, Matthew 16:13, Matthew 16:14. Thus, the key of knowledge has to do with gaining a full and correct grasp of salvation and all of its parts. As we are reminded when we sing LDS hymn number 182, “We’ll Sing All Hail to Jesus’ Name,”. Matthew persistently affirms that God’s empire, embodied in the proclamation and teaching of Jesus, brings both judgment and salvation, both healing and division. Peter (and by extension the rest of the Apostles of Christ as seen in Matthew 18:18) had the authority to permit or forbid people from entering God’s Kingdom. It appears that, among his duties, this man is to hold the key to the main door of the palace, part of his responsibility “over the [royal] house” (Isaiah 22:15). σίαν, his stedfast faith and the confession he made of it, οὐ κατισχύσουσιν αὐτῆς, that the gates of Hades will not he able to resist it, καὶ πυλῶν ᾅδου κατισχύσει, κλειδούχου ἔργον τὸ εἰσάγειν, Thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church, quos in apostolicae confessionis petra solidasti, Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers. In some passages, Hades is a name or title held by an individual in the underworld who is in charge of the spirit prison. John 1:42 And he brought him to Jesus. In the language of Isaiah, after this confrontation, he opens “the prison to them that are bound” and proclaims “liberty to the captives” (Isaiah 61:1; also Luke 4:18, where Jesus applies Isaiah’s words to his ministry without distinguishing between his mortal and postmortal work). Matthew 16:18-19 The Authority of the Church (Series: The Church: A Divine Design) Matthew 26:47-56 The Arrest in Gethsemane; Matthew 27:15-26 The Innocent for the Guilty; Matthew 27:27-32 The Mockery of the Multitude; Matthew 27:50-56 The Witness of the Wonders; Matthew 28:19-20 The … The Risen Savior hints at this meaning when he affirms: “I am he that liveth, and was dead . In the Septuagint, the Greek word hadēs generally means a permanent, dark underworld where departed spirits are confined (see LXX Job 7:9–10; 10:21–22). 18 And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. In a revelation to the Prophet Joseph Smith in January 1841, the Lord confirms this observation: “[the] Twelve hold the keys to open up the authority of my kingdom upon the four corners of the earth” (Doctrine and Covenants 124:128; also John 20:23; Doctrine and Covenants 90:6; 112:16). How so? Matthew 16:19. the power of deciding as to who are to be admitted into or excluded from the future kingdom of the Messiah. As primitive as their method of predicting the weather was, their ability to discern spiritual matters was worse. In modern scripture, the key of knowledge is equivalent to “key of the mysteries of the kingdom” (Doctrine and Covenants 84:19). © 2014 Brigham Young University. The notion is that, when Jesus descends into the world of spirits after his death on the cross, he faces closed gates that keep the departed spirits inside a prison. The conclusion that every man and woman born into the human race has to make at one time or another, is the answer to the eternally significant question, what think ye of Christ, who do … Study the bible online using commentary on Matthew … Matthew 16:19 "I also say to you that you are Peter, and upon this rock I will build My church; and the gates of Hades will not overpower it. The keys will be held jointly among the Twelve, as Jesus later indicates: “Verily I say unto you [Twelve], Whatsoever ye shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever ye shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven” (Matthew 18:18). And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven” (Matthew 16:18–19). Physically, in coming to earth, Jesus invades the domain of Satan and engages in a contest for souls (see Isaiah 49:25; 53:12; 2 Nephi 2:29). 16. The primacy of Peter is perhaps one of the strongest points of contention between Catholics and non-Catholics today. Furthermore, on the edge of this condemning statement, Jesus seems to hold up not only the knowledge of scripture but also knowledge of the sacred rites that the scribes fence off as too holy to share with common people. They had the long promised and long-awaited Messiah in the midst and refused to acknowledge Him. By implication, he has taken possession of those keys and now holds them in his hand. That knowledge, then, allows us to enter both into the Church and into the kingdom of heaven with a full understanding. The New Testament adjusts this view. The term translated “hell” in this passage is the word hadēs, Hades in English. Matthew 16 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary, by the leading authority in the Church of Christ, presents a verse level look at the Bible. And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overcome it. Question: "What is the rock in Matthew 16:18?" The idea of gates points directly at the keys required to open them. Interest in the next world, of course, is plainly present in this latter expression. Again I say unto you, That if two of you … - This is connected with the previous verses. . The following is an excerpt from The MacArthur New Testament Commentary on Matthew 16 . Here, hadēs is a temporary abode where the spirits of the dead await the resurrection and judgment (see Acts 2:27, 31; Revelation 20:13; also Alma 40:14) and where Jesus preaches during the time his body lies in the tomb (see 1 Peter 3:19–20; 4:6). From that time, when the apostles had made the full confession of Christ, that he was the Son of God, he began to show them of his sufferings. This means a body of true believers has continued from Pentecost AD 31 until today. Commentary on Matthew 11:16-19, 25-30 View Bible Text . Matthew 16:18–19 18 “ I also say to you that you are 1 a Peter , and upon this 2 rock I will build My church ; and the gates of b Hades will not overpower it . The Pharisees and Sadducees came, and to test Jesus they asked him to show them a sign from heaven. He gains access to these individuals by taking control of “the gates of hell” by holding the keys. Teaches the necessity of self-denial, and shows the reasons on which it is founded, Matthew … The question arises, What is Jesus promising to Peter? 18 And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the … The Joseph Smith Translation of these words of Jesus support this observation: “ye enter not in yourselves into the kingdom; and those who were entering in, ye hindered” (JST Luke 11:53). Since the Protestant Reformation in the 16 th Century, a plethora of interpretations have developed surrounding the famous passage of Matthew 16:18-19, where Christ declares that Peter is the “rock” … Matthew 16:18. And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven By the kingdom of heaven is meant the Gospel, which comes from heaven, declares the king Messiah to be come, speaks of things concerning his kingdom, is the means of setting it up, and enlarging it, displays the riches of his grace, and gives an … And I will give to thee the keys of the Messianic kingdom, (457) i.e. Peter proclaims Jesus to be the Messiah, and Jesus speaks of building His church and being crucified and resurrected. All Rights Reserved. The binding and loosing in heaven are not done by Peter and the Twelve but by the Father. And I say also unto thee Either besides what he had already said concerning his happiness; or, as the father had revealed something great and valuable, so likewise would he; or inasmuch as he had freely said and declared who, and what he was, in like manner he also would say what Peter was, thou art Peter: … Isaiah 28:16 Therefore thus said the Lord GOD, Behold, I lay in … As the Lord reminds Joseph Smith, who possessed the keys of the kingdom in modern times, “whatsoever you seal on earth shall be sealed in heaven; and whatsoever you bind on earth, in my name and by my word, saith the Lord, it shall be eternally bound in the heavens; and whosesoever sins you remit on earth shall be remitted eternally in the heavens” (Doctrine and Covenants 132:46). By being entrusted with keys, Peter stands as Jesus’ fully authorized representative. As stewards of great families, especially of the royal household, bore a key or keys in token of their office, the phrase of giving a person the keys naturally grew into use, as an expression significative of raising him to great authority and … But in this case, the key holder is not a man but the Resurrected Lord—“he that is holy, he that is true”—who holds “the key of David.” He is the one who “openeth, and no man shutteth; and shutteth, and no man openeth” (Revelation 3:7). By extension, this responsibility also has to do with access to heaven at the endtime when access means everything (see 2 Nephi 9:41). Matthew 16:2 "He answered and said unto them, When it is evening, ye say, [It will be] fair weather: for the sky is red." Matthew 16:18 Upon establishing His church, Christ affirms that it would not die out, but continue until His return. (Outside of scripture, Michael the Archangel appears as keyholder; see 3 Baruch 11:2 and 4 Baruch 9:5). Instead, to Peter are entrusted “the keys of the kingdom of heaven” (Matthew 16:19). Next, concerning the celestial realm, what Peter does on earth carries with full effect into heaven and into the next life. In the passage that we are examining, Jesus says to Peter, “I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. He spake this to set right the mistakes of his disciples about the … What Peter and the members of the Twelve offer is a link to God’s kingdom and a bright future beyond death. Almost consistently in scripture, passive verbs without a subject point directly to the actions of God. 1. Jesus’ words indicate that “the key of knowledge” permits access or entry, exactly what the “keys of the kingdom of heaven” permit. (1-4) The Sadducees and the Pharisees seek a sign from Jesus. Hence, the earthly actions taken in the Church such as baptizing, remitting sins, and reinstating to full church membership are fully effective in heaven and in the next life. Commentary on Matthew 16:21-23 (Read Matthew 16:21-23) Christ reveals his mind to his people gradually. Matthew Poole's Commentary And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter: Christ gave him this name, John 1:42 , when his brother Andrew first brought him to Christ. 18 And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overcome it. Metaphorically, Jesus offers liberty to those held captive by their sins and opens doors to them to escape the prison of their worst selves (see 3 Nephi 20:26). The Demand for a Sign. Peter’s Keys (Matthew 16:18-19) By S. Kent Brown Somewhere near the Gentile town of Caesarea Philippi, close to the base of Mount Hermon, Jesus speaks words to Peter, his chief apostle, that find no correspondence in ancient scripture: “I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven” (Matthew 16:19). . Here, the Risen Jesus has responsibility for access into and out of the abode of God, or alternatively, into and out of the new city of David, the New Jerusalem. 2 He answered them, “When it is evening, you say, ‘It will be fair weather, for the sky is red.’ 3 And in the morning, ‘It will be stormy today, for the sky is red and threatening.’ You know how to interpret … 19 I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed[ c] in heaven.” Resting beside this LDS understanding of such priesthood and temple keys are patterns that illuminate how people in the New Testament world may have understood the nature of Peter’s keys. 19 And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in … Answer: The debate rages over whether “the rock” on which Christ will build His church is Peter, or Peter’s confession that Jesus is “the Christ, the Son of the Living God” (Matthew 16:16). Matthew 16:19. Jesus holds the keys of “the gates of hell,” not Peter. upon. Read Matthew 16 commentary using Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete). A. T. Robertson also comments on Matthew 16:19, To "bind" in rabbinical language is to forbid, to "loose" is to permit. Matthew 16:18 King James Version (KJV). We last come to the key of knowledge. (Provo and Salt Lake City, Utah: BYU Religious Studies Center and Deseret Book, 2014), 91–102. Matthew 16:18-19. Such a key, of course, opens a door to heavenly knowledge (see Luke 24:31–32 where, implicitly by a key, scriptures and eyes are “opened” by the Resurrected Lord). But Hades has another more personal meaning. But Peter does not carry this duty by himself. 18 And I tell you, you are Peter, [] and on this rock [] I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not prevail against it. This was a major step forward in the disciples' understanding, and it corrected the erroneous prophetic teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees. Then the Pharisees and Sadducees came, and testing Him asked that He would show them a sign from heaven. I did not give thee the name of Cephas, or Peter, for nothing, (for what Cephas signifieth in the Syriac Peter signifieth in the Greek), I called thee Cephas and thou … This dimension appears in the expression “I will give.” Moreover, these keys establish Peter’s authority over earthly church matters, a fact firmly present in Jesus’ words “bind on earth” and “loose on earth.” In a word, Jesus is handing to Peter the chief responsibility for leading his Church. These words from Isaiah are both metaphorical and real. This is where the true power of the keys lies. In fact, the “keys of the kingdom” also tie into “the key of knowledge,” specifically, the knowledge of God (Doctrine and Covenants 128:14; also 84:19). When we consider that this text concerning the Peter’s confession and the keys of the kingdom are only found in the Matthew account, which was written to Jews, then the connection to the Isaiah prophecy becomes … To begin, we first turn to Isaiah’s record that offers the one instance of an Old Testament person receiving keys. It will become clear that the promised keys bear links to “the gates of hell,” to the next world, and to a greater knowledge of God. Matthew 16:18-19 NIV. 19 I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; whatever you bind on earth will be Those who believe the Gospel have been loosed (permitted or allowed) on earth and in heaven the privilege of entering into the Kingdom of God when Christ ushers it in at His … His hand Hilkiah, is called by the Father of hell and death ” ( 1:18... 'S Critical and Exegetical commentary on the New Testament, this key allows celestial entry of Hilkiah, is by! 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